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谷歌被印度罚款1.6亿美元 存在Android相关垄断行为_我的网站

A |     "There cannot be shortcuts or fast tracks to the membership itself. The EU covers so many areas, and at the very heart of the EU is the single market. And the single market cannot function if, in one part of it, not all rules, regulations, standards are being followed. So, a very thorough work needs to be done by the Ukrainians," Maasikas told Euronews.,The ambassador also denied that the massive accession questionnaire, which Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky handed over to Maasikas after submitting Ukraine's membership application, was mostly filled out by EU officials rather than the Ukrainian government itself.,Zelensky Touts Ukraine's EU Candidate Status as 'Biggest Step Toward Stronger Europe'23 June, 23:02 GMT,Zelensky signed the application for Ukraine's accession to the EU on February 28, a few days after the start of the Russian special operation. During the EU delegation's visit to Kiev on April 8, Zelensky received a questionnaire to begin Ukraine's accession process and returned it to Maasikas on April 18.,On June 23, the EU approved granting Ukraine the status of a candidate for joining the bloc. Gaining the candidate status is the first step in a long process of accession. Turkey has been a candidate since 1999, North Macedonia since 2005, Montenegro since 2010, and Serbia since 2012. Croatia was the latest country to join the EU in 2013 after a ten-year accession process.。    对此，谷歌尚未发表评论。调研机构Counterpoint Research数据显示，在印度6亿部智能手机中，有97%搭载的是谷歌Android操作系统。

B | 当前，谷歌在印度正面临一系列反垄断案件，以及面向整个科技行业的更严格的监管。除了Android，CCI还在调查谷歌在智能电视市场的商业行为，及其应用内支付系统。早在2019年5月，印度CCI曾宣布对谷歌展开调查，评估谷歌是否利用其Android移动操作系统打压竞争对手。CCI调查发现，谷歌滥用了其在印度的主导地位，降低了设备制造商选择Android移动操作系统替代版本的能力。CCI当时称，通过对谷歌专有应用程序的预安装设置条件，谷歌降低了设备制造商开发和销售运行Android替代版本设备的能力和积极性。

C | 初步证据显示，谷歌滥用了其市场主导地位。

D | 另外，谷歌Android在欧盟也遭到了罚款。

E | 2018年7月，欧盟委员会对谷歌处以43.4亿欧元（当时约合51.5亿美元）的反垄断罚款。

F | 欧盟委员会称，自2011年以来，谷歌凭借其在互联网搜索市场的主导地位，对Android设备厂商和移动运营商做出了一些非法限制。具体表现为，要求Android设备厂商预装谷歌搜索App和Chrome浏览器，作为授权谷歌Play Store应用商店的条件；向特定大型Android设备厂商和移动运营商支付费用，要求他们独家预装谷歌搜索App；阻止预装谷歌应用的设备厂商销售预装“分叉版”Android智能设备。

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